Iranian Journal of Forest

Iranian Journal of Forest

Effects of dieback severity on regeneration and some vegetative characteristics of pneumatophores of grey mangrove (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) (Study: Mangrove forest of Sirik)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 Ph.D. candidate of Natural Resources Engineering, Desert Management and Control, University of Hormozgan, Hormozgan, Bandarabass, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof., Academic member of Natural resources engineering group, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Hormozgan, Bandarabass, Iran.
3 Associated Prof., Natural resources engineering group, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Hormozgan, Bandarabass, Iran.
4 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandarabbas, Iran.
5 Associated Prof., Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and rangelands, Agricultural research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Regeneration and pneumatophore characteristics are two key factors in the health and development of grey mangrove forests. This study aims to investigate the changes in regeneration and pneumatophores of grey mangrove trees affected by different intensities of harmful factors causing drying or dieback.
Materials and Methods: After investigating the forest in Sirik, regions with different intensities of dieback (high: 30-50%, medium: 15-30%, low: 0-15%, and control: zero percent) were selected. Ten plots (10×10 m) were designed for each dieback severity randomly. In each plot, three microplots (1×1m) for pneumatophores and one microplot (5×5 m) for regenerations were designed. All data were compared using ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that pneumatophore densities at different distances from trees are highest in the control (p< 0.05). Also, the pneumatophore height was 10.84 cm in the control treatment, which was significantly higher than that in other treatments. The cable root height to the sediment surface was lowest (7.79 cm) in the high severity dieback treatment. The highest values related to seedling density (0.24 number per square meter), height (27.55 cm), and number of seedling leaves (30.45) were observed in the control treatment. Furthermore, water electrical conductivity was highest in the high dieback severity (34750 µs.cm), followed by medium dieback severity (30392 µs.cm), weak dieback severity (25837 µs.cm), and control (22065 µs.cm).
Conclusion: The drying and dieback phenomenon in mangrove forests leads to a decrease in the growth and density of aerial roots. Therefore, the management and control of mangrove ecosystems are of considerable importance.
Keywords

Subjects


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Volume 16, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
Summer 2024
Pages 173-184

  • Receive Date 22 January 2023
  • Revise Date 28 April 2023
  • Accept Date 17 June 2023