Iranian Journal of Forest

Iranian Journal of Forest

Chemotaxonomy and Palynology Study on Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Huebener and Neckera crispa Hedw in North of Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
F.M. Gharegheshlagh 1
A.M. Otaghvari 2
H Zare 3
T.A. Aghajanzadeh 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Systematics and Ecology, Dept. of Plant science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R. Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Dept. of plant science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R. Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Nowshahr Botanical Garden, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran.
4 Associate Prof., Dept. of plant science, Faculty of Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R. Iran.
10.22034/ijf.2024.345713.1875
Abstract
Introduction:The species Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Huebener and Neckera crispa Hedw are epiphyte mosses and indicators of many species and trees in Hyrcanian humid forests (northern Iran). Investigating their importance in the ecological studies of these forests is essential, therefore, in order to facilitate the separation or recognition of these two closely related species and express the differences and similarities,  chemotaxonomy and sporology were used.
Material and Methods: For this purpose, six moss populations from the three provinces of Golestan, Mazandaran and Gilan were collected at almost the same altitudes in the fall of 2017, checked and confirmed by identification keys, and using sporology (10 quantitative and seven qualitative traits) and chemotaxonomy (evaluation of fatty acids using gas chromatography method (GC/MS)).
Results: After completing the sporological and phytochemical tests in the laboratory, the results of the sporological study showed that according to the ratio of the length of the polar axis of the spore to the width of the equatorial axis, the shape of the spores in N. complanata populations is spherical and it is oval in N. Crispa populations. The surface decoration in N. complanata moss is of granuloma type and it is completely different from the surface decoration found in N. crispa moss, which indicates the complete separation of the two studied species in different levels from each other. The results of the chemical classification study regarding fatty acid data based on GC/MS showed that N. complanata moss populations have compounds of Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid and 15-Octadecenoic acid and N. crispa moss has compounds of Hexadecanoic acid, Nonanedioic acid, Octadecanoic acid, Heneicosanoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo and Butanedioic acid.
Conclusion: The results of fatty acid data based on GC/MS in N. complanata populations had only a few types of methyl ester compounds, which are completely different from N. crispa populations in terms of the type of compound and its amount, and also the results of micromorphometric data showed that the spore shape in the populations related to N. complanata species is spherical and the spore shape in N. crispa populations is oval and also the P/E ratio in all populations indicates the separation of these two species from each other. Therefore, the type of compounds and their amount are completely different in the two studied species as well as their  different populations. The general results obtained from the chemotaxonomy and sporology show the complete separation of the two studied species and populations, which can be considered as an effective method in separating the lesser-known but effective species in the forest environment and similar ecosystems.
Keywords
Fatty acid
Biosystematics
Hyrcanian forests
Neckera Mosses
Spore

Subjects

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Iranian Journal of Forest
Volume 16, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
Autumn 2024
Pages 311-324

  • Receive Date 13 June 2022
  • Revise Date 13 May 2024
  • Accept Date 12 July 2023