مطالعه زوال بلوط Quercus brantii Lindl.)) در ارتباط با خصوصیات خاک و پاسخ‌های اکوفیزیولوژیک آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد

2 استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد

3 استاد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی ارتباط خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک و همچنین ویژگی‌های اکوفیزیولوژیکی درختان بلوط با پدیدۀ خشکیدگی در منطقۀ مله‌شبانان، 30 قطعه ‌نمونۀ مربعی به روش منظم‌ تصادفی به مساحت 2500 متر مربع و با استفاده از شبکه‌ای به ابعاد 200×200 متر مربع انتخاب شد. به کمک سامانۀ اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) نقشۀ واحدهای همگن منطقه تهیه شد. درصد خشکیدگی در هر قطعه ‌نمونه محاسبه شد و نمونه‌برداری از خاک و برگ درختان انجام گرفت. برخی از خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک مانند بافت، هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته، وزن مخصوص ظاهری، درصد خلل‌و‌فرج، کربن و مواد آلی و غلظت عناصر کلسیم، منیزیم، فسفر، پتاسیم، نیتروژن و سدیم اندازه‌گیری شد. آنزیم‌های پراکسیداز، کاتالاز، آسکوربات‌پراکسیداز، مالون‌دی‌آلدهید، اسید آمینۀ پرولین، کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و رنگدانۀ کاروتنوئید و غلظت عناصر کلسیم، منیزیم، فسفر، پتاسیم، نیتروژن و سدیم در برگ درختان سنجش شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین طبقات مختلف خشکیدگی از نظر متغیرهای درصد رس، درصد شن، کلسیم و نسبت نیتروژن به فسفر برگ و غلظت مالون‌دی‌آلدهید اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. کلسیم برگ با افزایش طبقات خشکیدگی افزایش یافت، درحالی ‌که مالون‌دی‌آلدهید ابتدا افزایش و سپس کاهش نشان داد. نتایج تحلیل تطبیقی متعارفی (CCA) نیز نشان داد که فراوانی درختان در طبقات خشکیدگی بالا و تعداد درختان کاملاً خشکیده با وزن مخصوص ظاهری و درصد رس ارتباط مستقیم و با تخلخل، درصد شن و میزان منیزیم، پتاسیم و نیتروژن خاک ارتباط معکوس دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship between Iranian oak decline (Quercus brantii Lindl.) and some properties of soil and determining the ecophysiological responses of this

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z Azim Nejad 1
  • Z Badehian 2
  • A Rezaei Nejad 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, I.R. Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Reasources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, I.R. Iran
3 Profr., Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Reasources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the relationship between some physico-chemical properties of soil and ecophysiological properties of oak trees on dieback, Meleshabanan area in Lorestan Province was selected. Using the geographic information system (GIS), the landform map of study area was prepared. In this forest, 30 square sample plots with 2500 m2 area, in a random systematic grid (200*200) were selected. The percent dieback was measured and recorded. In each sample plot, soil and leaves of oak trees were sampled. Some soil properties such as texture, electrical conductivity, acidity, bulk density, porosity, organic carbon, organic matter, and concentrations of calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium were measured. Also peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes, MDA, proline, chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid pigment, and concentrations of calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium in leaves were measured. The results showed that there was a significant difference in clay, sand, soil texture, Ca content, N/P ratio, and, MDA concentration between different dieback classes. Leaf Ca concentration with increasing dieback increased, while MDA first increased and then decreased. Also, the results of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the frequency of trees in high dieback classes and the number of dead trees were directly related to bulk density and %clay and inversely related to %porosity, %sand, Mg, K, and N content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecophysiological properties
  • Oak decline
  • Soil physic-o-chemical properties
  • Zagros forest
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