مقایسۀ مدل‌های اصلاح‌شدۀ Gash در برآورد باران‌ربایی تودۀ راش شرقی در غرب ناحیۀ هیرکانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

2 گروه مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده جنگلشناسی و مهندسی جنگل، دانشگاه ترانسیلوانیای براشوو، براشوو، رومانی

چکیده

متداول‌ترین مدل‌های برآوردکنندۀ باران‌ربایی، مدل‌های فیزیکی‌مبنا هستند که در میان آنها مدل‌های Gash بیشترین کاربرد را دارند. هدف این پژوهش، مقایسۀ بررسی کارایی مدل‌های فیزیکی‌مبنای اصلاح‌شدۀ Gash در برآورد باران‌ربایی تودۀ راش شرقی
(Fagus orientalis Lipsky) در جنگل‌های سیاهکل استان گیلان بود. در طی دورۀ یکساله (فروردین تا اسفند 1394)، مقادیر باران، تاج‌بارش و ساقاب در تودۀ مدنظر اندازه‌گیری و مقدار باران‌ربایی محاسبه شد. برای برآورد مقدار باران‌ربایی، مدل‌های Gash-1 و Gash-2 انتخاب شدند و کارایی این دو مدل طی سنجه‌های زمانی سالانه، دورۀ برگ‌دار و دورۀ بی‌برگی بررسی شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که به‌صورت کلی، پارامترهای اکوهیدرولوژیک تاج‌پوشش و تنه در بین سنجه‌های زمانی مختلف، اختلاف چشمگیری داشتند. در هر سه سنجۀ زمانی مدنظر، مدل Gash-2 کارایی بهتری از مدل Gash-1 داشت و مناسب‌ترین عملکرد این مدل، در برآورد باران‌ربایی سالانه بود (خطای برآوردی: 8/8+ درصد؛ ضریب کارایی: 92/0). فرایندهای اکوهیدرولوژی جنگل در توده‌های پهن‌برگ خزان‌کننده باید در سنجه‌های زمانی متفاوت به‌صورت مجزا بررسی شود، زیرا رفتار اکوهیدرولوژیک تاج‌پوشش در زمان، متفاوت است. ضمن اینکه مدل‌ها نیز در سنجۀ زمانی، عملکرد مشابه ندارند. بنابراین باید با بررسی‌های بیشتر، مدل‌های کارا در هر سنجۀ زمانی و در هر تودۀ جنگلی مشخص شود تا با تعیین مدل مناسب، به برآورد صحیح باران‌ربایی در جنگل‌های هیرکانی کمک شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of revised Gash models for estimating rainfall interception in an oriental beech stand, west of Hyrcanian region

نویسندگان [English]

  • K. Sefidi 1
  • S.M.M. Sadeghi 2
1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, I. R. Iran
2 Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
چکیده [English]

The most common models for estimating rainfall interception are physical-based models, of which Gash models are the most widely used. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficiency of revised Gash models in estimating the rainfall interception of Fagus orientalis Lipsky in Siahkal forests, Gilan province. During the one-year measurement period in the study plot (March 2015 to March 2016), gross rainfall, throughfall, and stemflow values were collected and the amount of rainfall interception was computed. For modeling rainfall interception, Gash-1 and Gash-2 models were selected, and the performance of these two models was evaluated during time scales: annual, leafed, and leafless periods. The results showed that in general, canopy and trunk echohydrological parameters were obviously different amongst time scales. In all time scales studied, the Gash-2 model performs better than the Gash-1 model, and the most appropriate performance of Gash-2 model is in estimating annual interception (estimation error: +8.8%; efficiency coefficient: 0.92). In summary, it can be said that forest ecohydrological processes in deciduous broadleaf stands should be studied separately during different time scales, because the ecohydrological response of canopy cover in different time scales is varied. Also, different models in different time scales do not have the same performance. Hence, further studies are needed to determine the efficient models in each time scale of each forest stands, and by obtaining the appropriate model, we can help to accurately estimate the interception in Hyrcanian forests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forest ecohydrology
  • rainfall partitioning
  • leafed period
  • leafless period
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