طراحی و اصلاح شبکۀ جاده‌های جنگلی به‌منظور توسعۀ گردشگری و روستایی در منطقۀ ارسباران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری مهندسی جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 استاد گروه مهندسی مکانیک ماشین‌های کشاورزی دانشکدۀ مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

توسعۀ گردشگری با برنامه‌ریزی اصولی جاده‌های دسترسی می‌تواند به مدیریت و توسعۀ روستاها در عرصه‌های طبیعی و مناطق حفاظتی کمک کند. این پژوهش با هدف برنامه‌ریزی و توسعۀ جاده‌های دسترسی به‌منظور دستیابی به مناطق گردشگری و روستایی به‌عنوان جاذبه‌های تفرجی در منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ ارسباران انجام گرفت. بدین منظور گزینه‌های شبکۀ جاده برای سه سناریوی مختلف به‌منظور دسترسی به مناطق تفرجی و روستاها در محیط ArcGIS طراحی و از جهات فنی، محیط ‌زیستی و اقتصادی- اجتماعی ارزیابی شدند. در مرحلۀ بعد شبکۀ جادۀ موجود با توجه به گزینه‌های بهینۀ طراحی‌شده اصلاح شد و در نهایت گزینه‌های اصلاح‌شده برای توسعه و مدیریت گردشگری در منطقه پیشنهاد شدند. بدین ترتیب واریانت‌های شبکۀ جادۀ موجود، شبکۀ جادۀ بهینۀ طراحی‌شده و شبکۀ جادۀ اصلاح‌شده ارزیابی و مقایسه شدند. از بین گزینه‌های طراحی‌شده، گزینۀ 10 در سه سناریوی دسترسی به مناطق تفرجی و حداقل، متوسط و حداکثر روستاها به‌ترتیب با تراکم‌های 17/4، 93/4 و 86/5 متر در هکتار به‌عنوان گزینۀ بهینه برای اصلاح شبکۀ جادۀ موجود انتخاب شد. در نهایت شبکۀ جاده‌های اصلاح‌شده به‌ترتیب با تراکم‌های 98/3، 66/4 و 55/5 متر در هکتار و قابلیت دسترسی 7/72، 19/76 و 33/78 درصد برای این سه سناریو پیشنهاد شدند. با توجه به ارزیابی و مقایسۀ واریانت‌ها، شبکۀ جاده‌های بهینۀ طراحی‌شده و شبکۀ جاده‌های اصلاح‌شده وضعیت بهتری در مقایسه با شبکۀ جادۀ موجود نشان دادند. مدیریت و توسعۀ گردشگری با برنامه‌ریزی اصولی و توسعۀ جاده‌های دسترسی در منطقۀ ارسباران می‌تواند موجب رونق فعالیت‌های اقتصادی و بهبود توسعۀ روستاهای منطقه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Planning and modifying the forest road networks for tourism and rural development in Arasbaran area

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Talebi 1
  • B. Majnounian 2
  • M. Makhdoum 2
  • E. Abdi 3
  • M. Omid 4
1 Ph.D. Dept. of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran
3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran
4 Prof., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Tourism development by planning the principles of access roads can help the management and development of villages in natural and protected areas. This study aimed at planning and developing the access roads to achieve the tourism and rural areas as the recreational attractions in Arasbaran protected area. For this purpose, the road network options were designed for three different scenarios to access the recreational and rural areas in GIS environment and evaluated in terms of technical, environmental and socio-economic aspects. In the next stage, the existing road network was modified according to the optimal-designed road options. Finally, the modified versions of the existing road network were proposed for tourism development and management in the region. Thus, the variants of the existing road network, the optimal-designed road network and the modified-road network were evaluated and compared. Moreover, among the designed options, the 10th option in three different scenarios to access the recreational areas and the minimum, medium, and maximum villages with densities of 4.17, 4.93, and 5.86 mha-1, respectively, was chosen as the optimal option to modify the existing road network. Finally, the modified road networks with densities of 3.98, 4.66, and 5.55 mha-1 and accessibilities of 72.7, 76.19, and 78.33 percent were proposed for these three scenarios. According to assessment and comparison of the variants, the optimal-designed road networks and the modified road networks were identified as the better alternatives compared to the existing road network. Tourism management and development in Arasbaran by principled planning and development of access roads can lead to prosperity of economic activities and improve the rural development in this area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Access network
  • Arasbaran
  • Planning
  • Rural development
  • Tourism

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مجله جنگل ایران
دوره 13، شماره 4
اسفند 1400
صفحه 361-377

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1399

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