بررسی اثر پساب مزارع پرورش میگو بر ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی درختان حرا (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آمایش محیط زیست، گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 استاد، گروه محیط ‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

5 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، بررسی اثر پساب مزارع پرورش میگو بر ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی درختان حرا (Avicennia marina) در منطقۀ تیاب استان هرمزگان است. برای این کار ابتدا دو تودۀ شاهد و آلوده به پساب خروجی مزارع پرورش میگو انتخاب و در هر کدام، یک تودۀ سه هکتاری مشخص شد و نمونه‌برداری به‌روش خط نمونه انجام گرفت. بدین ترتیب که در هر یک از توده‌ها، سه ترانسکت 300 متری به‌صورت تصادفی- سیستماتیک پیاده شد و در هر ترانسکت، سه پلات 10×10 متری با فاصلۀ 150 متر از یکدیگر مشخص و ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی درختان حرای با ارتفاع بیشتر از 1 متر اندازه‌گیری شد. مقایسۀ ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی با استفاده از آزمون تی‌استیودنت نشان داد که شادابی درختان حرا، میانگین ارتفاع درخت، طول تاج و تعداد نهال‌ها به‌ترتیب با مقادیر 57/2، 53/3 متر، 53/3 متر و 55/8 نهال در متر مربع در تودۀ شاهد به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از تودۀ آلوده بود. نتایج بررسی مقدار فسفر و نیتروژن نیز نشان داد که مقدار نیتروژن و فسفر در رسوبات جنگل در تودۀ آلوده به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از مقدار آن در تودۀ شاهد بود. هرچند تحقیقات بیشتری برای تأیید عوامل کاهش‌دهندۀ رشد حرا لازم است، این پژوهش می‌تواند تأکیدی بر لزوم مطالعات بیشتر در خصوص مکان‌یابی صحیح و صدور مجوز احداث این مزارع و همچنین لزوم تضمین اقدامات مؤثر برای به حداقل رساندن تأثیر خروجی‌ها و فاضلاب حوضچه‌های پرورش میگو بر اکوسیستم‌های حرا باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Shrimp Farming Effluent Effects on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of mangrove forests (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Yaghoobzadeh 1
  • A. Salmanmahiny 2
  • A.R. Mikaeili Tabrizi 3
  • A. Danehkar 4
  • M. Moslehi 5
1 Ph.D. Student of Land Use Planning, Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Iran
2 2 Prof., Dept. of Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 Prof., Dept. of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
5 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandar Abbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shrimp farming effluent on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of grey mangrove in Tiab region of Hormozgan province. For this purpose, two stands, control and another stands next to the shrimp farm as a contaminated to shrimp farming effluent were selected and a three-hectare stand was identified in each of these two sites and sampling was performed by line sampling method. In this way, three 300-meter transects were selected using a random- systematic method in each stand. Also three plots (10×10), 150 meter apart from each other, were selected along the transects and the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh for trees higher than one were measured and analyzed using T-test. Results showed that, in the control site, vitality of trees, and the average quantity of tree height, crown length and the number of seedlings, with the amount of 2.57, 3.53 m, 3.53 m and 8.55 seedlings/m2 were significantly higher than those at the contaminated site. On the basis of the results, in the forest sediment of the contaminated site, the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen were significantly higher than those at the control site. Although more research is needed in order to confirm the factors reducing mangrove growth, this study can emphasize the need for more detailed and specialized studies for correct location selection and also licensing for these farms in order to guarantee and minimize the impact of shrimp farm outputs on mangrove ecosystems.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grey mangrove forest
  • Khor-e-Tiab
  • Nutrients
  • Hormozgan
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