تحلیل پویایی عناصر غذایی لاشبرگ در توده‌های خالص و آمیختۀ راش و ممرز (دارابکلای مازندران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

2 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

3 استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر

چکیده

 
پویایی عناصر غذایی و بازگشت آنها به خاک از طریق لاشبرگ، از مهم­ترین مسیرهای چرخۀ عناصر غذایی در بوم‌سازگان­ جنگلی است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف ارزیابی پویایی عناصر غذایی در توده‌های خالص راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky)، خالص ممرز (Carpinus betulus L.) و آمیختۀ راش- ممرز در جنگل آموزشی- پژوهشی دارابکلای ساری انجام گرفت. به این منظور در هر توده ده قطعه نمونۀ 1000 متر مربعی به‌صورت تصادفی اجرا و با برداشت قطر و ارتفاع درختان، آماره‌های توصیفی توده‌های مدنظر تعیین شد. سپس تله­های لاشبرگ با ابعاد 50 × 50 سانتی‌متر برای اندازه‌گیری مقدار لاشه­ریزی در واحد سطح و کیسه‌های لاشبرگ با ابعاد 20×20 سانتی‌متری (با روزنۀ دو میلی­متری) با ده تکرار در توده‌ها به‌مدت 360 روز نصب و در فواصل زمانی 60، 120، 180، 240، 300 و 360 روز غلظت عناصر نیتروژن، کربن، فسفر و پتاسیم لاشبرگ­های کیسه­ها اندازه‌گیری شد. براساس نتایج بیشترین لاشه­ریزی برگ با 1817 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به ماه­های آبان و آذر در تودۀ راش بود. بیشترین ورودی عناصر تحت بررسی مربوط به تودۀ خالص ممرز بود. روند پویایی عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم و کربن در توده‌های خالص و آمیخته، کاهنده با افزایش جزئی در انتهای دوره و در مورد نیتروژن افزاینده با کاهش در انتهای دوره بود. پویایی عناصر در تودۀ آمیخته نوسان بیشتری نسبت به توده‌های خالص نشان داد. همچنین مشخص شد که روزهای 200 تا 300 پس از ریزش لاشبرگ محدودۀ زمانی مهمی در تغییرات اساسی روند پویایی عناصر غذایی لاشبرگ محسوب می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of litter nutrient dynamics in pure and mixed stands of beech and hornbeam (Darabkola of Mazandaran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Kianmehr 1
  • S. M. Hojjati 2
  • Y. Kooch 3
  • F. Ghasemi Aghbash 4
1 Ph.D. Graduated of Forest science, Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, I. R. Iran
4 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

The dynamics of nutrients and their return to the soil through the litter is one of the most important pathways of the nutrient cycle in forest ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of nutrients in pure beech, pure hornbeam and beech-hornbeam stands in Darabkola educational-research forest of Sari. For this purpose, in each stand, 10 sample plots with 1000m2 area were randomly established and by measuring the diameter and height of the trees, descriptive statistics of the studied stands were calculated. Then, litter traps with dimensions of 50 × 50 cm to measure the amount of litter fall per unit area and litter bags with dimensions of 20 × 20 cm (with a pore of 2 mm) with 10 replicated were installed in the studied stands for 360 days and at intervals of 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 days, the concentrations of nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus and potassium in the litter of the bags were measured. According to the results, the highest rate of litter falls with 1817 kg/ha was related to November and December in beech stands. In addition, the highest input of the studied elements was related to the pure hornbeam stand. The resultas also indicatedthe dynamics of phosphorus, potassium and carbon elements in pure and mixed stands are decreasing with a slight increase at the end of the period and increasing in the case of nitrogen and decreasing at the end of the period. The dynamics of the elements in the mixed stand showed more fluctuation than the pure stands. Also, the results of this study showed that the 200th to 300th days after litter fall is an important time range in the fundamental changes in the dynamics of litter nutrients.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hyrcanian forest
  • litter bag
  • litter trap
  • nutrient dynamics
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