مقایسۀ شاخص پیچیدگی ساختار (SCI) در مراحل تحولی جنگل‌های آمیختۀ راش هیرکانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

10.22034/ijf.2022.327756.1845

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های جنگل‌های طبیعی، پیچیدگی ساختار توده‌های جنگلی است. در طی فرایند تحول، تغییر در ساختار توده به پیچیدگی ساختار جنگل می‌انجامد. این پژوهش به‌منظور برآورد شاخص پیچیدگی ساختار در توده‌های راش در مراحل سه‌گانۀ تحولی راش شرقی انجام گرفت. سه قطعۀ یک هکتاری در مراحل سه‌گانۀ تحولی راش (در مجموع 12 هکتار) انتخاب و پس از اندازه‌گیری ویژگی‌های ساختاری، شاخص چندمتغیرۀ پیچیدگی در هر یک از مراحل تعیین شد. برای برآورد شاخص از 10 متغیر منفرد شامل تعداد درختان در واحد سطح، میانگین قطر، ضریب تغییرات قطر، ضریب جینی قطر، تعداد درختان قطورتر از 100 سانتی‌متر، نسبت تعداد درختان در اشکوب‌ها، نسبت روشنه، تعداد و حجم خشک‌دارها و تغییرات اندازه‌ای درختان استفاده شد. میانگین و میانه شاخص پیچیدگی به‌ترتیب 46/65 و 15/66 به‌دست آمد که بیشترین مقدار آن در مرحلۀ نهایی برابر با 17/84 و کمترین مقدار آن برابر با 3/49 درصد در مرحلۀ اولیه محاسبه شد. شاخص پیچیدگی در مرحلۀ نهایی به‌شکل معنی‌داری بیشتر از دو مرحلۀ دیگر بود، با این‌حال براساس آزمون توکی اختلاف معنی‌داری بین میانگین شاخص در دو مرحلۀ تحولی اولیه (23/4± 39/61) و میانی (33/3± 85/58) مشاهده نشد. با توجه به تأثیر تنوع و پیچیدگی ساختار جنگل در کارکردهای اکولوژیک جنگل‌ها مانند حفظ تنوع زیستی، پرورشی تغییرات باید در همۀ دخالت‌ها و عملیات‌ پیچیدگی ساختار مدنظر قرار گیرد. افزون‌بر حفاظت از تنوع زیستی، افزایش پیچیدگی ساختار توده‌های جنگلی را نیز باید از مهم‌ترین اهداف طرح‌های مدیریت جنگل لحاظ کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of structural complexity index (SCI) in the developmental stages of Hyrcanian mixed beech forests

نویسنده [English]

  • K Sefidi
Prof., Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

The structural complexity of forest stands is one of the most important characteristics of natural forests. Changes in the forest stand structure through the development of stands cause complexity in the stand structure. We conducted this research to quantitative analysis of structural complexity in the three stages of stand development in the Hyrcanian forests. Three one-hectare study areas were selected within developmental stages (Totally 12 hectares) and after forest inventory, the structure complexity index was calculated for each stage. We employed ten variables including stem per hectare, mean of diameter at breast height (DBH), coefficient of variation of DBH, diameter Gini coefficient, number of trees with a diameter larger than 100 cm at breast height, the ratio of the number of trees in different stories, the faction of canopy gaps, amount and volume of dead woods and tree size variation to calculate this index. The mean and median complexity index was 65.46 and 66.15. the highest value obtained in the terminal (transition) stage was equal to 84.17 and the lowest was 49.3 in the initial stage. The structure complexity significantly was higher in the terminal stage, meanwhile based on the Tukey test, the difference between the initial (58.85±3.33) and optimal stage (61.39±4.23) was not significant. Considering the role of diversity and complexity of forests structure on forest ecological functions like maintaining biological diversity, it is necessary to consider complexity in all interventions and forest tending operations. Also, we proposed the forest complexity enhancement besides maintaining biodiversity should consider as the most important goal of forest management plans.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Closer to nature
  • Gini coefficient
  • Nature conservation
  • Stand dynamics
  • Tree size variations
 
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