الگوی مکانی و رقابت درون‌گونه‌ای درختان راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) در مرحلۀ تحولی انباشت حجم در جنگل‌های هیرکانی (مطالعۀ موردی: جنگل خیرود، نوشهر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ‌التحصیل دکتری، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

2 استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

3 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

4 استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ فناوری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

10.22034/ijf.2022.317497.1828

چکیده

الگوی مکانی گونه‌های درختی می‌تواند اطلاعات زیادی در مورد فرایندهای پویایی جنگل و فعل و انفعالات بین و درون‌گونه‌ای، از جمله استقرار جنگل، رشد درختان، رقابت گونه‌ها و مرگ‌ومیر گیاهان ارائه دهد. این پژوهش با هدف اصلی بررسی الگوی مکانی و ارتباط متقابل درختان راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) در مرحلۀ تحولی انباشت حجم، در روند تحول جنگل‌های راش هیرکانی در مرحلۀ نهایی توالی انجام گرفت. به این منظور سه قطعه نمونۀ یک هکتاری انتخاب شد و آماربرداری صد درصد از مشخصه‌های درختان از جمله نوع گونه و قطر برابرسینه انجام گرفت و موقعیت مکانی تمام درختان ثبت شد. نتایج حاصل از شاخص زاویۀ یکنواخت نشان‌دهندۀ الگوی منظم درختان همسایه بود. شاخص آمیختگی به‌طور متوسط 08/0 به‌دست آمد که نشان‌دهندۀ رقابت شدید درون‌گونه‌ای و تمایل کم درختان راش به قرار گرفتن در کنار گونه‌های دیگر بود. میانگین شاخص تمایز قطری و ارتفاعی به‌ترتیب 36/0 و 28/0 محاسبه شد که بیانگر اختلاف متوسط درختان همسایه نسبت به هم بود. براساس نتایج تابع تک‌متغیرۀ L11، در قطعات 1، 2 و 4 به‌ترتیب درختان تا فاصلۀ بین درختی 7، 4 و 6 متر، درختان الگوی منظم داشتند و در بقیۀ فواصل در داخل محدودۀ مونت‌کارلو قرار گرفتند. براساس نتایج تابع دومتغیرۀ L12، در هر سه قطعه نمونه درختان کم‌قطر با درختان میان‌قطر و قطور حداقل تا فاصلۀ 5 متر، اثر متقابل منفی داشتند. هر گونه دخالت براساس برنامه‌های پرورش جنگل مستلزم توجه کافی به حفظ ویژگی‌های ساختاری توده در این مرحله از تحول توده‌های راش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial pattern and intra-specific competition of beech trees in the development stage of volume accumulation in Hyrcanian forest (Case study: Kheyroud forest, Nowshahr)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Moridi 1
  • A Fallah 2
  • M.R. Pourmajidian 3
  • K Sefidi 4
1 Ph.D. Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
2 Prof, Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.
4 Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture Technology and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Spatial patterns of tree species can provide valuable insights into forest dynamics, including processes such as forest establishment, tree growth, species competition, and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the structure, spatial pattern, and interactions of beech trees during the volume accumulation stage of forest evolution in the climax stage of succession. Three one-hectare sample plots with characteristics representative of this stage were selected, and tree characteristics, including species type, DBH, and location, were measured and recorded for all living trees. The results of the uniform angle index indicated a regular pattern among neighboring trees. The average mingling index was 0.08, suggesting intense intra-species competition and a low tendency for beech trees to be located near other species. The mean diameter and height differentiation indices were 0.36 and 0.28, respectively, indicating an average difference between neighboring trees. According to the results of the univariate L11 function, in sample plots one, two, and three, trees exhibited a regular pattern up to distances of 7, 4, and 6 meters between trees, respectively. At greater distances, trees were located within the Monte Carlo range. Based on the results of the L12 bivariate function, in all three sample plots, small diameter trees had a negative interaction with medium and large diameter trees up to a distance of at least 5 meters. Any intervention based on silvicultural programs should take into account the preservation of the structural features of stands at this stage of beech evolution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Univariate L11 function
  • mingling index
  • uniform angle index
  • Monte Carlo range
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