مجله جنگل ایران

مجله جنگل ایران

بررسی رفتار مشارکتی بازدیدکنندگان جنگل‌های شهری؛ کاربرد تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده در جنگل‌های شهری خرم‌آباد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه جنگلداری دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه توسعه روستایی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: رفتار انسان‌ها یکی از دلایل تخریب اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی از جمله جنگل‌های شهری است. رفتار محیط زیست‌گرایانۀ انسان مانع این تخریب خواهد شد. بررسی رفتار بازدیدکنندگان جنگل‌های شهری برای تدوین برنامه‌های مشارکتی، گامی مهم در مدیریت حفاظتی این منابع است. پژوهش حاضر قصد دارد با بررسی عوامل تعیین‌کنندۀ رفتار محیط زیستی بازدیدکنندگان جنگل‌های شهری خرم‌آباد، سهمی در تبیین و پیش‌بینی رفتار مشارکتی آنان در حفاظت از این جنگل‌ها داشته باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش در جنگل‌های شهری خرم‌آباد در استان لرستان انجام گرفت. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش بازدیدکنندگان جنگل‌های شهری بودند که براساس جدول کرجسی- مورگان، 401 نفر از بازدیدکنندگان به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. انتخاب نمونه براساس روش طبقه‌بندی با انتساب متناسب صورت گرفت. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های پژوهش از پرسشنامۀ محقق‌ساخته استفاده شد. روایی پرسشنامه با بهره‌گیری از نظر اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه و کارشناسان و پایایی آن با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. با توجه به اهداف تحقیق، از تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده و مدل توسعه‌یافتۀ آن استفاده شد و برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار SPSS و به‌منظور بررسی روابط بین متغیرهای مستقل و وابسته در قالب مدل‌سازی ساختاری (آمار استنباطی) از نرم‌افزار Smart PLS استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که فرضیه‌های تحقیق در مدل رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده تأیید شدند. همچنین در مدل توسعه‌یافتۀ رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده، همۀ فرضیه‌ها غیر از تأثیر نگرانی زیست‌محیطی بر قصد رفتاری افراد تأیید شدند. براساس نتایج، متغیرهای تحقیق در مدل اولیۀ آیزن، به‌ترتیب 4/49 و 1/73 درصد از قصد و رفتار محیط زیست‌گرایانۀ بازدیدکنندگان را تبیین کردند. متغیرهای تحقیق در مدل توسعه‌یافته نیز به‌ترتیب 4/49 و 4/74 درصد از قصد و رفتار زیست‌محیط‌گرایانۀ بازدیدکنندگان را تبیین کردند. به‌عبارتی در مدل توسعه‌یافتۀ رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده با گنجاندن نگرانی محیط زیستی، 3/1 درصد قدرت تبیین متغیر رفتار محیط زیستی بازدیدکنندگان افزایش یافت. مقایسۀ مقادیر به‌دست‌آمدۀ شاخص‌های برازش در مدل‌های رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شدۀ اولیه و مدل توسعه‌یافتۀ آن با مقادیر مطلوب نشان داد که همۀ مقادیر در حد استاندارد بوده و براساس آن، شاخص‌های ارائه‌شده از برازش مناسبی برخوردار بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج تحقیق مبنی بر اثرهای مثبت و معنی‌دار سه متغیر اصلی نظریۀ رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده شامل نگرش، کنترل رفتاری درک‌شده و هنجارهای ذهنی بر قصد و رفتار محیط زیست‌گرایانۀ بازدیدکنندگان و در نهایت مشارکت آنها در حفاظت از جنگل‌های شهری، می‌توان با شناخت مؤلفه‌های تأثیرگذار بر رفتار محیط زیست‌گرایانۀ بازدیدکنندگان و تشریح ضرورت حفظ این جنگل‌ها و تغییر نگرش بازدیدکنندگان به‌ رفتارهای مطلوب محیط زیست‌گرایانه، سبب تسهیل اقدامات مشارکتی برای حفاظت از این جنگل‌ها شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

An Examination of participatory behavior of Urban Forests visitors: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior in the Urban Forests of Khorram Abad

نویسندگان English

P Mohammadi 1
R Maleknia 2
M Rahimian 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Dept. Forestry, Faculty of Natural resources, Lorestan University, I. R. Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural resources, Lorestan University, I. R. Iran.
3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Rural Development, Lorestan University, I. R. Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: Human behavior can have a significant impact on forest ecosystems, including urban forests. Encouraging pro-environmental behavior among individuals is crucial to prevent the degradation. Understanding the behavior of visitors to urban forests is an essential step in effectively managing their conservation. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors that influence environmental behavior among visitors to urban forests in Khorram Abad, Lorestan. By doing so, it seeks to contribute to predicting their willingness to participate in the protection and preservation of these forests.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the urban forests of Khorram Abad, located in the Lorestan province. The target population was consisted of visitors to these urban forests, and a sample size of 401 individuals was selected using the Krejci-Morgan table. The sample selection process involved proportional allocation based on classification. Data were collected through a questionnaire developed by the researchers. The validity of the questionnaire was ensured by seeking expert opinions, and its reliability was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha test. The statistical analysis employed was the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and its developed model. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS, and Smart PLS software was used for structural equation modeling to examine the relationships between independent and dependent variables.
Results: The research findings supported the hypotheses proposed by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). In the extended TPB model, all hypotheses, except for the influence of environmental concern on behavioral intention, were confirmed. The results indicated that the variables in the initial TPB model accounted for 49.4% and 73.1% of visitors' intentions and environmental behavior, respectively. Similarly, the variables in the extended model explained 49.4% and 74.4% of visitors' intentions and environmental behavior, respectively. Notably, the inclusion of environmental concern (EC) in the developed TPB model increased the explanatory power of the environmental behavior variable by 1.3%. All obtained fit indices for both the initial TPB model and its developed version fell within the desired range, indicating a good fit.
Conclusion: The study findings highlight the positive and significant effects of attitude (ATT), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and subjective norms (SN) on visitors' intentions, environmental behavior, and their active participation in protecting urban forests. Understanding these influential factors of environmental behavior and emphasizing the importance of conserving urban forests can facilitate effective conservation measures and enhance visitors' sense of belonging and willingness to participate. This, in turn, can lead to a positive shift in attitudes towards adopting environmentally friendly behaviors.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Environmental services
Participatory management
Theory of planned behavior
Urban forestry
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دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
تابستان 1403
صفحه 197-211

  • تاریخ دریافت 25 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 28 شهریور 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 18 مهر 1402