مجله جنگل ایران

مجله جنگل ایران

راهبردهای مدیریت منابع جنگلی با رویکرد مشارکتی و مدل ترکیبی SWOT- AHP (مطالعۀ موردی: استان قزوین، ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، گروه جنگلداری، پردیس دانشگاهی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
2 استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، ایران. دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، جغرافیا، حقوق و گردشگری، دانشگاه مید سوئد، سوندسوال، سوئد.
3 استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، ایران.
4 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری جنگلداری، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: مدیریت مشارکتی جنگل، به‌منزلۀ الگویی برای توسعۀ پایدار جنگل، مردم محلی را برای داشتن نقشی مؤثر در سرنوشتشان آماده می‌کند و کمک می‌کند که آنها در فرایند توسعۀ پایدار جنگل مشارکت کنند. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی قوت‌ها، ضعف‌ها، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدهای مدیریت منابع جنگلی استان قزوین از دیدگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی و ارائۀ راهبردهای مدیریتی مناسب در این زمینه و اولویت‌بندی آنهاست.
مواد و روش‌ها: محدودۀ اجرایی تحقیق، بخش طارم سفلی از شهرستان قزوین است. بافت اجتماعی منطقه، روستایی- عشایری و شغل اصلی ساکنان این منطقه کشاورزی و دامداری است. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های لازم از روش پیمایش، مطالعات میدانی و تکمیل پرسشنامه استفاده شد. به‌منظور تعیین عناصر SWOT و شناسایی راهبردها، 50 پرسشنامه تکمیل و توسط خبرگان بررسی شد. در مرحلۀ بعد، به‌منظور اولویت‌بندی راهبردها از تکنیک AHP استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که 6 قوت، 6 ضعف، 7 فرصت و 7 تهدید به‌منظور مدیریت منابع جنگلی وجود دارد. براساس نتایج ماتریس SWOT، مهم‌ترین قوت مدیریت اراضی جنگلی منطقه، حفاظت از خاک و جلوگیری از فرسایش، مهم‌ترین فرصت‌ها ثبات اقتصادی، بهبود و تنوع معیشت جوامع وابسته، مهم‌ترین ضعف‌ها اجرای ضعیف قوانین، سیاست‌ها و راهبردها و مهم‌ترین تهدید کاهش سطح جنگل‌ها بود. اولویت‌بندی نهایی عوامل SWOT نشان داد که فرصت‌ها در این تحلیل اولویت دارند، به‌طوری ‌که ثبات اقتصادی، بهبود و تنوع معیشت جوامع وابسته و جنگلداری مشارکتی به‌ترتیب با وزن نهایی 166/0 و 109/0 اولویت دارند. اولویت‌بندی راهبردها براساس فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی نشان داد که مدیریت برنامه‌محور با مشارکت ذی‌نفعان با وزن نسبی 252/0 بر دیگر راهبردها اولویت دارد.
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج، مدیریت برنامه‌محور با مشارکت ذی‌نفعان، راهبردی برای رسیدن به مدیریت پایدار جنگل با توجه به شرایط کنونی مدیریت جنگل معرفی می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Forest management strategies using participatory approach and SWOT-AHP hybrid method (Case Study: Qazvin Province, Iran)

نویسندگان English

S.T. Mozaffari Sahneh Saraei 1
S Mohammadi Limaei 2
A.E. Bonyad 3
M Mirzaei 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Forestry, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, I. R. Iran.
2 Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, I. R. Iran. 3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Economics, Geography, Law and Tourism, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden.
3 Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, I. R. Iran.
4 Ph.D. of Forestry, Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara,I. R. Iran
چکیده English

Introduction: Prticipatory forest management, as a model for sustainable forest development, prepares local people to play an effective role in their fate and helps them  participate in the process of sustainable forest development. The aim of this research is to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of forest resource management in Qazvin Province from an economic and social points of view to provide and prioritize suitable management strategies.
Material and Methods: This research was carried out in the Tarem-Sofla section of Qazvin city. The social fabric of the region is rural-nomadic and the main occupation of the residents of this area is agriculture and animal husbandry. Required data was collected by field studies and questionnaires. In order to determine SWOT elements and identify strategies, 50 questionnaires were completed and reviewed by experts. In the next step, AHP technique was used to prioritize strategies.
Results: Results indicated that six strengths, six weaknesses, seven opportunities and seven threats were identified for managing these forests. According to on the results of the SWOT matrix, the most important of strengths of forest management in the region include soil conservation and prevention of erosion, the most important of opportunities include economic stability, improving and diversifying the livelihood of dependent communities, the most important of weaknesses include weak enforcement of laws, policies, and strategies, and the most important  threats include  reducing the level of forests. The final prioritization of SWOT factors showed that opportunities have priority in this analysis, with economic stability, improvement, and diversification of the livelihoods of dependent communities, and participatory forestry having final weights of 0.166 and 0.109, respectively. The prioritization of strategies based on the AHP showed that program-based management with stakeholder participation, with a relative weight of 0.252, has priority over other strategies.
Conclusion: As a result, managing with an attitude toward planning with the participation of stakeholders was introduced as a solution to achieve the sustainable forest management considering  the current conditions of forest management in these areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Multi-criteria decision making
Participatory approach
Sustainable forest management
SWOT analysis
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  • تاریخ دریافت 27 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 15 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 08 اسفند 1402