مجله جنگل ایران

مجله جنگل ایران

توسعه شبکه جاده های جنگلی بر اساس ملاحظات توپولوژیکی و با هدف گردشگری در جنگل‌های هیرکانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
عباس نوروزی سنگتابی 1
آیدین پارساخو 2
ستار عزتی 3
محسن مصطفی 4
1 فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد گروه جنگلداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
3 استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
4 استادیار گروه خاک، گیاه و علوم غذایی، دانشگاه باری، باری، ایتالیا
10.22034/ijf.2025.473178.2003
چکیده
اتصال شبکه جاده ای بر هزینه کل حمل و نقل در خدمات تفریحی تأثیر می گذارد. در روش‌های ارزیابی سنتی، سیستم‌های ارزیابی نمی‌توانند با نیاز دسترسی پایدار و کارآمد به جنگل سازگار شوند. بنابراین امروزه با توجه به پیشرفت در علوم ریاضی و دانش کامپیوتر، تحلیل ساختاری با استفاده از نظریه گراف در حال کاربردی شدن است. در این مقاله، ابتدا شبکه‌های جاده‌ای جنگلی موجود  در استان مازندران (میرزا کوچک خان، زارع، تالار، اندرگلی، جوارم، ایزدشهر، حلومسر و عباس آباد) بر اساس مفاهیم معرفی‌شده در تئوری گراف تحلیل و سپس اتصال شبکه با توجه به خدمات گردشگری بررسی و توسعه داده شد.گره‌های ریشه، گره‌های مفصلی، پیوندها و زیرشبکه به عنوان اجزایگراف در نظر گرفته شدند، در حالی که تراکم شبکه، فاصله راه، شاخص آلفا(α)، شاخص بتا(β)، شاخص پی (π)، شاخصاتا (η) تعداد چرخه­ها(u)، شاخص گاما (ɣ) و شاخص انحراف (DI) به­عنوان معیارهای توپولوژیکی و هندسی در نظر گرفته شدند. بخش های جدید بر اساس استانداردهای توپولوژیکی برای بهبود کارایی شبکه های جاده ای با اتصال ضعیف پیشنهاد شد. رویکرد پیشنهادی برای8 شبکه آزمایشی در ارتفاعات مرکزی جنگل‌های هیرکانی، شمال ایران اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین گره­های مفصلی، کل گره­ها، پیوندها،زیرگراف،α، β، π، η، u و ɣ در کاربری جنگلی با سرویس گردشگری به ترتیب 0.5، 7.25، 7.25، 1.12، 0.07، 0.95 بود. ، 2.00، 1.13، 1.12 و 0.46 بود. در نتیجه راه های تکمیلی تراکم جاده­ها در اندرگلی،جوارم، ایزدشهر، هالومسر و عباس آباد به ترتیب به 60/15، 30/20، 20/37، 3/34، 60/8 افزایش یافت که منجر به بهبود شاخص α از 0 به 0.12، 0.2، 0.17، 0.14 و 0.33 در مکان های ذکر شده گردید. ویژگی‌های ساختاری شبکه‌های جاده‌ای با اتصال ضعیف با طراحی جاده‌های تکمیلی به محدوده استاندارد ارتقا یافت. اندازه‌گیری ساختار شبکه راه‌ها می‌تواند برای مهندسان جنگل، برنامه‌ریزان شهری و تصمیم‌گیران برای دستیابی به اهداف مختلف مفید باشد. نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که با تکمیل شبکه از طریق پیاده سازی چرخه می توان سایر شاخص های نظریه گراف را بهبود بخشید و سطح ارتباطات را ارتقا داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
حمل و نقل الوار
خدمات تفریحی
شبکه راه
قابلیت اتصال
نظریه گراف

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Forest road network planning based on topological measures in Hyrcanian recreational forest parks using graph theory

نویسندگان English

Abbas Norouzi Sangtabi 1
Aidin Parsakhoo 2
Sattar Ezzati 3
Mohsen Mostafa 4
1 M.Sc. in Forestry, Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
4 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (DISSPA), University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
چکیده English

Road network connectivity significantly influences the total cost of transportation in recreation services. With recent advancements in mathematical sciences and computer technology, structural analysis using graph theory has become practical. The application of graph theory offers several benefits, including the evaluation of connectivity levels, network transportation speed, accessibility, identification of critical junctions, and detection of traffic-reducing cycles that enhance safe and convenient travel for tourists. In this paper, the existing road networks of eight recreational forest parks (Mirza Kouchak Khan, Zare, Talar, Endargeli, Javarem, Izadshahr, Haloomsar and Abbasabad) in Mazandaran Province were analyzed using graph theory. Moreover, new roads were proposed to enhance network connectivity for recreational services. Root nodes, articulation nodes, links and sub-graphs were considered as graph components, while network density, road spacing, alpha index ( ), beta index ( ), P index ( ), eta index ( ), number of cycles (u), gamma index ( ) and detour index (DI) were considered as topological and geometric measures. New road segments were proposed based on topologic standards to improve the efficiency of road networks with weak connectivity. The proposed approach was applied to eight test networks in the central highland of the Hyrcanian forests, northern Iran. The results showed that the means of the articulation nodes, total nodes, links, sub-graphs, α, β, π, η, u and ɣ in the forest land use with recreation services were 0.5, 7.25, 7.25, 1.12, 0.07, 0.95, 2.00, 1.13, 1.12 and 0.46, respectively. As a result of supplementary roads, road density increased by 15.60%, 20.30%, 37.20%, 34.3%, 8.60% in Endargeli, Javarem, Izadshahr, Haloomsar and Abbasabad, respectively. Additionally, the α index improved from 0 to 0.12, 0.2, 0.17, 0.14 and 0.33 in these study locations. Structural properties of road networks with weak connectivity were improved to the standard range by the addition of supplementary roads. The findings of the present study showed that completing the networks by introducing cycles can enhance other graph theory indicators and improve overall connectivity.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Graph theory
Connectivity
Road network
Recreational service
 
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  • تاریخ دریافت 27 مرداد 1403
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  • تاریخ پذیرش 30 دی 1403