The study of effective factors on Almond (Amygdalus scoparia Spach.) distribation in Markazi province

Habitat needs and requirement of important species in terms of distribution is necessary for natural resources management. Amygdalus scoparia is one of the important forest species in Markazi province for food, industries and environmental protection in different climatic conditions. The effect of physiographic factors such as land form, aspect, altitude, slope and some physical and chemical soil properties on qualitative and quantitative characteristics as height, crown diameter, canopy cover, tree density, regeneration and vitality percent was studied and then the data were analyzed using SPSS and PC-ORD (PCA method). The results of this study showed: 1- maximum height and crown diameter was observed in northern and eastern aspects. 2- The maximum canopy cover and regeneration was seen in northern aspect, valleys and in altitudes 1000-1500 meters. 3- The maximum tree number was observed in southern aspect, amplitude and valley land forms, in altitudes of 1000-1500 and 1500-2000 meters and in slops of 0-20 and 20-35%. 4- The maximum vitality percent was observed in northern and southern aspects, slope and valley land forms, in altitudes of 1000-1500 meter and in slops of 0-20%. The factors of height, crown diameter, canopy cover, tree number, regeneration and vitality were scattered in the positive direction of first axis by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that had the highest correlation with sand.