تأثیر مدیریت متوالی با شیوه‌های پناهی و تک‌گزینی بر خصوصیات کمّی جنگل‌های سری موزیسای بخش هفت‌خال2 نکا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد جنگلداری، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

3 کارشناس ‌ارشد جنگلداری، ادارۀ ‌کل منابع ‌طبیعی و آبخیزداری مازندران، ساری، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی روش‌های مدیریتی در جنگل برای تعیین شیوۀ مناسب مدیریت پایدار ضروری است. به همین دلیل برخی از پارامترهای کمّی جنگلی که به‌صورت متوالی ابتدا به شیوۀ تدریجی ‌پناهی و سپس تک‌گزینی بهره‌برداری شدند و پارسل شاهد مقایسه شد. برای این منظور پارسل شاهد و بخش‌هایی از پارسل‌های مجاور آن در راشستان‌های سری موزیسای جنگل‌های هفت‌خال نکا انتخاب شدند. نمونه‌برداری در شبکه‌ای به ابعاد 150 در 200 متر در قطعات ده‌آری صورت گرفت. قطر برابرسینۀ همۀ درختان قطورتر از 5/12 سانتی‌متر و ارتفاع 8 درخت اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که از سال 1380 تا سال 1398 فراوانی راش در پارسل‌های بهره‌برداری‌شده از 51/81 درصد به 2/96 درصد افزایش و فراوانی ممرز از 41/14 درصد به 9/2 درصد کاهش یافت. فراوانی راش در پارسل شاهد از 9/89 درصد به 7/93 درصد رسید، ولی در فراوانی ممرز تغییری ایجاد نشد. متوسط تعداد در هکتار، در پارسل شاهد از 5/275 اصله به 83/245 اصله کاهش یافت، ولی در پارسل‌های بهره‌برداری‌شده از 32/259 اصله به 81/315 اصله افزایش یافت. حجم در هکتار در قطعات بهره‌برداری‌شده از 47/481 سیلو به 31/426 سیلو کاهش یافت، ولی در پارسل شاهد از 4/454 سیلو به 27/528 سیلو در هکتار افزایش یافت. هر دو عرصۀ تحت بررسی دارای ساختار ناهمسال تقریباً منظم بودند. ساختار حجمی در هر دو عرصه نزدیک به نرمال بوده است. در مجموع به‌جز قطر برابرسینه، تفاوت بین پارسل شاهد و توده‌های بهره‌برداری‌شده در دیگر پارامترهای تحت بررسی معنی‌دار نشد. در واقع بهره‌برداری از جنگل به شیوۀ تک‌گزینی در جنگل تحت بررسی سبب تخریب نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of consecutive, shelter and single tree selection system on quantitative characteristics of oriental beech forest in the Muzisay section forest, plan of Haftkhal2, Neka forest

نویسندگان [English]

  • K Espahbodi 1
  • S Khorankeh 2
  • F Ghaffari 3
1 Associate Prof., Natural Resources Research Department, Mazandaran, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran.
2 Masters expert of forestry, Natural Resources Research Department, Mazandaran, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran
3 Masters expert of forestry, Mazandaran General Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Evaluation of management practices in forests is necessary to determine the appropriate method of sustainable management. Therefore, some quantitative parameters of beech forests, harvested sequentially as shelterwood system and single-selection method were evaluated and compared to a controle compatrment. The control and harvested compartments were selected in Muzisay forest plan in Neka. The measurement was done within 0.1 ha sampe plots in 150×200m gridin 2019. Some quantitative characteristics were measured including the species type, DBH of all trees greater  than 12.5 cm, and the height of eight trees in each sample plot. The results showed that from 2001 to 2019, the frequency of beech in exploited plots increased from 81.51% to 96.2%. The abundance of hornbeam decreased from 14.41% to 2.9%. In control compartment, the beech frequency increased from 89.9 to 93.7% too. The average number of trees in the control plot was gradually declined from 275.5 to 245.83.  In contrast, it increased from 259.23 to 315.81 in managed plots. The opposite was seen regarding to the stand volume. In the managed compartments, the stand volume was declined from 481.47 silves to 426.31 silves. In contrast, it raised from 454.4 to 528.27 silves in control compartment. Both areas had an nearly regular age structure and near to normal volume structure. There were no significant differences between control and harvested compartments in light of total height, average number tree, and volume h-1. The exploitation of these forests by the shelterwood and the single selection method did not cause any destruction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • beech
  • control parcel
  • evaluation
  • exploited area
  • managed

مراجع

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مجله جنگل ایران
دوره 13، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 209-220

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 خرداد 1400

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