بررسی تجمع فلزات سنگین در رسوبات و درختان حرای منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ خورخوران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری پردیس گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، پردیس دانشگاهی قشم دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون دریایی دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

چکیده

افزایش فعالیت‌های صنعتی و در پی آن ورود آلاینده‌ها (مانند فلزات سنگین) به اکوسیستم‌های آبی از بزرگ‌ترین چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی است. گیاهان نشانگر مناسبی از غلظت این فلزات در آب و رسوب اکوسیستم‌های آبی هستند. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین در رسوبات، ریشه، ساقه و برگ درختان حرا در منطقۀ حفاظت‌شدۀ خورخوران به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین رویشگاه‌های مانگرو در خلیج فارس است. بدین منظور نُه نمونه رسوب، برگ، ریشه و ساقه از این منطقه برداشت و به‌منظور تعیین غلظت فلزات سنگین آنالیز ICP-OES شد. در تحلیل آماری نتایج از آزمون‌های شاپیرو، کروسکال- والیس، توکی و شاخص تجمع زیستی و ضریب انتقال استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین غلظت فلزات سنگین در نمونه‌های رسوب به‌ترتیب مختص فلزات نیکل، روی، مس و سرب و در گیاه مربوط به فلزات روی، نیکل، مس و سرب است. به‌طور کلی روند تجمع فلزات در رسوب و بافت‌های گیاه نشاندهندۀ افزایش غلظت فلزات در بافت گیاه با افزایش آن فلز در رسوب است. شاخص تجمع زیستی نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین غلظت فلزات سنگین به‌ترتیب در ریشه و برگ است و ریشۀ حرا نشانگر مناسبی برای سنجش آلاینده‌های رویشگاه مانگرو است. ضریب انتقال فلز نیکل در ساقه و فلز مس در برگ توانایی این اندام‌ها برای گیاه‌پالایی این دو فلز را نشان داد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که درخت حرا برای دیگر فلزات جزء گونه‌های دفع‌کننده محسوب میشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of accumulation of heavy metals in sediment and Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. plants of Khorkhoran protected area

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Zamani Afshar 1
  • Y. Esmaeilpour 2
  • A. Naji 3
  • H. Gholami 4
1 Ph.D. candidate in Combatting Desertification, Qeshm Campus, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Faculty of Marine Science and Technology University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
4 Associate Prof., Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
Increasing industrial activity, followed by the entry of heavy metal pollutants into the aquatic ecosystems, are one of the biggest environmental challenges. Plants are good indicator of metals concentration in water and sediment of aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of heavy metals in sediments, roots, stems and leaves of mangrove trees in Khorkhoran protected area as one of the most important mangrove habitats in the Persian Gulf. For this purpose, 9 samples of sediment, leaves, roots and stems were collected from this area and analyzed by ICP-OES to determine the concentration of heavy metals. Shapiro, Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey and bioaccumulation index and transfer coefficient were used for statistical analysis. The results showed that the highest concentrations of heavy metals in sediment samples were specific to nickel, zinc, copper and lead, respectively, and in the plant the highest concentrations were related to zinc, nickel, copper and lead. In general, the process of accumulation of metals in sediment and plant tissues indicates an increase in the concentration of metals in plant tissue with an increase in sediment. Bioaccumulation index showed that the highest and lowest concentrations of heavy metals were in roots and leaves, respectively, and mangrove root is a suitable indicator for measuring mangrove contaminants. The transfer coefficient of nickel metal in the stem and copper metal in the leaf showed the ability of these organs for phytoremediation of these two metals. The results showed mangroves are repelling species for other metals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollution
  • Bioaccumulation
  • Sediment
  • Roots
  • Mangroves
 
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