Abdollahi, M., Hosseini, S.A., & Najafi, A. (2022). Predicting the decline of forest road pavement during the logging ban period in the north mountain forests of Iran. Journal of Natural Environment, 75(3), 202–514. https://doi.org/10.22059/jne.2022.344296.2443.
(In Persian)
Afrand Sorkhani, H., Hasanzad Navroudi, I., & Naghdi, R. (2013). Identification of wood smuggling offence centers by means of GIS and planning for prevention thereof. Police Management Studies Quarterly, 7(4), 529–548. https://www.sid.ir/paper/135351/en (In Persian)
Alizadeh Aliabadi, A. (2024). “Forestry plans” or “forest breathing plan”, which one? An invalid and false dichotomy! Iran Nature, 9(5), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.22092/irn.2024.132604 (In Persian)
Babaei Ahmad-Abad, A. (2024). A review of domestic laws and regulations in combating the destruction of forests and wood materials. The 6th National Iranian Forest Conference, 1–11. (In Persian)
Beiranvand, A., Asgari, M., Javanmiri Pour, M., Khaki Pour, L., & Etemad, V. (2023). The study of causes and factors of illegal logging in Caspian Forests. Iranian Journal of Forest, 15(1), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijf.2022.315999.1819.
(In Persian)
BP British Petroleum Company. (2018). Statistical Review of World Energy. British Petroleum, 56.
Brisman, A., & South, N. (2019). Green Criminology and Environmental Crimes and Harms. Sociology Compass, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12650
Casson, A., & Obidzinski, K. (2002). From New Order to Regional Autonomy: Shifting Dynamics of “Illegal” Logging in Kalimantan, Indonesia. World Development, 30(12), 2133–2151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00125-0
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Islamic Parliament Research Center (1979). (In Persian)
Daliri, F., Naghdi, R., Afrand Sorkhani, H., Zirakpour Navi, S., & Khosravi, I. (2024). The Viewpoint of Forest Security Unit Officers on Timber Smuggling (Case Study: Rostam Abad Natural Resources Unit, Gilan). The 6th National Iranian Forest Conference, 1–15. (In Persian)
Erdoğan, S., Demircan Çakar, N., Ulucak, R., & Danish, Y.K. (2020). The role of natural resources abundance and dependence in achieving environmental sustainability: Evidence from resource-based economies. Sustainable Development, 29(1), 143–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2137
Eshaghi, F., Avatefi Hemmat, M., & Fatehi, P. (2024). Identification of forest conflicts and assessing their effects on the forest resources in Lordegan County. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 77(3), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.22059/jfwp.2024.382666.1314 (In Persian)
Faroque, S., & South, N. (2022). Law-Enforcement Challenges, Responses and Collaborations Concerning Environmental Crimes and Harms in Bangladesh. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 66(4), 389–406. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X20969938
Gallien, M., & Weigand, F. (2021). The Routledge Handbook of Smuggling. In The Routledge Handbook of Smuggling. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003043645
Ghanbari, S., Avatefi Hemmat, M., Shamekhi, T., & Nercissians, E. (2021). Women and Woods: The Provisioning of Forest Ecosystem Services to Support Livelihood of Local Communities in Mountainous Area of Hyrcanian Region. Austrian Journal of Forest Science, 138(2), 95–116.
Ghasemi, M., & Karami dehkordi, E. (2017). Analyzing Social Actors’ Conflict Network on Natural Resources Conservation and Use and its Impact on Rural Households’ Livelihoods: A case study in the Dorahan and Cheshme Ali Watersheds. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 24(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijrdr.2017.109848 (In Persian)
Goncalves, M.P. (2012). ustice for forests: Improving criminal justice efforts to combat illegal logging.
Gorgi Fard, H. (2016). Green Criminology (1st ed.). Mizan. (In Persian)
Gritten, D., Mola-Yudego, B., Delgado-Matas, C., & Kortelainen, J. (2013). A quantitative review of the representation of forest conflicts across the world: Resource periphery and emerging patterns. Forest Policy and Economics, 33, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2012.06.008
Iran’s Sixth Development Plan Law, Islamic Parliament Research Center (2017). (In Persian)
Iraqi, E., Karimi, A., Ghamami, M., Taghizadeh Ansari, M., & Shams, A. (2005). A comparative study of the legal system of forests and rangelands. Institute of Comparative Law, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Izak Abdollahi, H., Naghdi, R., Afrand Sorkhani, H., & Zirakpour Navi, S. (2024). Legal and Regulatory Factors of Timber Smuggling: Perspectives of Timber Smugglers in west of Mazandaran. The 6th National Iranian Forest Conference, 1–10. (In Persian)
Janghorban, R., Latifnejad Roudsari, R., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Pilot Study in Qualitative Research: The Roles and Values. Journal of Hayat, 19(4), 1–5. http://hayat.tums.ac.ir/article-1-666-fa.html.
(In Persian)
Karimi Manesh, Z., Khalili, A., & Shahraki, M. (2024). Key factors influencing the realizability of alternative prison sentences in forest conservation in Golestan province. Iranian Journal of Forest, 16(3), 419–436. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijf.2024.431889.1958.
(In Persian)
Karimi, S., & Nasr Esfahani, A. (2013). Methods of analyzing interview data. Research Methodology in the Humanities, 7(1), 71–94. https://pajohesh.nashriyat.ir/node/105.
(In Persian)
Kauzlarich, D., Matthews, R.A., & Miller, W.J. (2001). Toward a victimology of state. In Critical Criminology, (10).
Khademi, F., & Rouhi, E. (2018). Investigating conflicts between rights and public interests with private interests in forest respiration law. Studies of Social Sciences, 4(3), 75–86. http://www.uctjournals.com/farsi/archive/socials/1397/autumn/7.pdf.
(In Persian)
Krueger, R.A., & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc; 5th edition. https://books.google.com/books?.id=ySKeSZeWywMC.
Lasco, R.D., Evangelista, R.S., & Pulhin, F.B. (2010). Potential of Community-Based Forest Management to Mitigate Climate Change in the Philippines. Small-Scale Forestry, 9(4), 429–443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-010-9132-0
Lynch, M.J., & Stretsky, P.B. (2003). The meaning of green: Contrasting criminological perspectives. 7(2), 217–238. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1362480603007002414
Magrath, W.B., Grandalski, R.L., Stuckey, G.L., Vikanes, G. B., & Wilkinson, G. R.(2007). Timber Theft Prevention: Introduction to Security for Forest Managers. East Asia and Pacific Region Sustainable Development Discussion Paper.
Mahboobi, M., & Badahang Gale-Bache, A. (2025). Food security and desire for forestry land use change among rural households of Golestan province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 32(4), 390–405. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijfpr.2024.365902.2165.
(In Persian)
Mahdavi, A., Gholamhosseini, M., & Salavarzi, M. (2022). Assessment and analysis of effective factors on firewood and charcoal smuggling in local communities of the central Zagros, Ilam Province. Journal of Renewable Natural Resources Research, 13(1), 83–96. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30495/jrnr.2022.69486.10256.
(In Persian)
Mohseni, H. (2017). Environmental Justice and Protection of Forest in Criminal Unification Judgment of Supreme Court. Criminal Law and Criminology Studies, 44(1), 85–109. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22059/jqclcs.2017.63740.
(In Persian)
Moradi, G. (2021). Reviewing Richness of Woody Species in Northern Forests of Iran and Temperate Broadleaf Forests of Central Europe. Journal of Human and Environment, 2(19), 75–90. https://doi.org/SID.https://sid.ir/paper/1042327/en.
(In Persian)
NGO. (2020). Statistical analysis on land dispute occurring in Cambodia 2009.
Nikooy, M., Hajatnia, M., Sotoudeh Foumani, B., & Mohammadi, E. (2022). Assessment of the log smuggling causes in Caspian forests, north of Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 20(2), 243–251. https://doi.org/10.22124/cjes.2022.5553
Nussbaum, M.C. (2006a). Frontiers of justice: Disability, nationality, species membership. In Philosophical Books, Vol 48. Harvard University Press
Nussbaum, M.C. (2006b). The moral status of animals. Chronicle of Higher Education, 52(22), 6–8.
Pourezzat, A.A., & Kavousi Khameneh, R. (2020). Qualitative research method with Nvivo Software. Ketab Mehraban. (In Persian)
Rezvani, M., & Hashemzadeh, F. (2014). Investigating the effective factors on forest degradation and impact of removing livestock from district 14 of the northern forests of Iran: an environmental and economic perspective (Fuman). Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 20(3). https://doi.org/https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.23222077.1392.20.3.8.0.
(In Persian)
Safari, M., Motamed, M., Naghdi, R., & Omidi, A. (2024). Investigating the attitude of forest dwellers regarding the management of preservation and protection of natural resources in Guilan province. Iranian Journal of Forest, 16(2), 227–241. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijf.2024.408397.1938.
(In Persian)
Schellens, M.K., & Diemer, A. (2020). Natural Resource Conflicts: Definition and Three Frameworks to Aid Analysis (pp. 1–17). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71067-9_81-3
Sefidi, K., Mohadjer, M., Zobeiri, M., & Etemad, M. (2009). Standing dead trees (SNAGS) component of the close-to-nature silviculture in a mixed beech forest in north of Iran. Journal of Pazhouhesh va Sazandegi, 21(4), 50–58. https://doi.org/SID.https://sid.ir/paper/18995/en.
(In Persian)
Seifi, M., Javan Jafari, A., & Farhadi Alashti, Z. (2020). Green Crimes Victimization Syndrome: A Response to the Cause of the Harmful Behaviors to the Underground Resources. Criminal Law Research, 10(2), 137–164. https://doi.org/10.22124/jol.2019.11161.1566.
(In Persian)
Shamekhi, T. (2018). Regulations & Administration of Natural Resources. University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Shamlo, B., Ahmadi, A., & Khosroshahi, G. (2017). Green Victimology. Journal of Criminal Law Research, 6(20), 37–67. https://doi.org/10.22054/jclr.2017.9924.1167.
(In Persian)
Sharifi Ziraksar, H., & Sarwari, S.M. (2025). The Consequences of Illegal Exploitation of Forests in the Context of Green Criminology Principles. Baharestan Scientific Research Quarterly Journal, 2(4), 137–160. https://doi.org/10.61438/bsrqj.v2i4.165 (In Persian)
Shirzadi Laskookalaye, S., Amirnejad, H., & Hoseini, S. (2021). The Investigation on the economic and social consequences of forest logging in Mazandaran Province. Iranian Journal of Forest, 12(4), 491–506. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijf.2021.127789 (In Persian)
Sollund, R. (2022). Wildlife Trade and Law Enforcement: A Proposal for a Remodeling of CITES Incorporating Species Justice, Ecojustice, and Environmental Justice. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 66(9), 1017–1035. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X221099492
Sun, L. (2019). Perceived Organizational Support: A Literature Review. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(3), 155. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i3.15102
The Law on Increasing the Productivity of the Agriculture and Natural Resources Sector, Islamic Parliament Research Center (2010). (In Persian)
The Law on the Conservation and Harvesting of Forests and Rangelands, Islamic Parliament Research Center (1967). (In Persian)
Thompson, S.T., & Magrath, W.B. (2021). Preventing illegal logging. Forest Policy and Economics, 128, 102479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102479
Trott, C.D. (2024). Rewriting the climate story with young climate justice activists. Geographical Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-5871.12662
Wajid, Z., Aziz, B., & Iqbal, Z. (2014). Smuggling around the World: An Empirical Investigation of Causes and Indicators. Forman Journal of Economic Studies, 10, 105–133. https://doi.org/10.32368/fjes.20141005
White, R., & Heckenberg, D. (2014). Green Criminology. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203096109
World Bank. (2019). Illegal Logging, Fishing, and Wildlife Trade. World Bank, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.1596/32806
Zareh Pour, M. (2018). The necessity of preserving forests and natural resources with emphasis on the laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The First National Conference on the Protection and Conservation of Arasbaran Forests, 1–7. https://civilica.com/doc/695369.
(In Persian)
Zolfi, N., Naghdi, R., Nikooy, M., & Afrand Sorkhani, H. (2023). The role of wooden consumptions in climate change mitigation. Case study: Forest-dwelling community of Nodeh, Razvanshahr, Gilan, Iran. ORAL Presentation, 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science (ICELIS 2023).,ForesTR “The Balance of the Life: CARBON”, Turkey, Trabzon 20-22 September 2023. Book-27.10.2023-Final.pdf (icelis.net) (In Persian)
