ارزیابی پاسخ بوم‌سازگان به تغییر کاربری زمین با استفاده از شاخص کیفیت خاک- جنگل الندان ساری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

2 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم و مهندسی جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

3 استاد گروه آمار کاربردی دانشکدۀ علوم ریاضی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، تهران

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدۀ مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر تغییر کاربری زمین بر شاخص کیفیت خاک در منطقۀ الندان-ساری با پنج نوع کاربری متفاوت جنگل خالص راش، جنگل غیرتولیدی، جنگلکاری ون، جنگلکاری کاج سیاه و زمین کشاورزی بررسی شد. بدین منظور نمونه‌برداری خاک از عمق 10-0 سانتی‌متری و با در نظر گرفتن تعداد شش قطعه نمونه انجام گرفت. قطعه نمونه‌ها به ابعاد 20×20 متر در هر کاربری به‌صورت تصادفی سیستماتیک و با استفاده از شبکۀ آماربرداری به ابعاد 100×50 متر انتخاب شده بودند. بعد از اندازه‌گیری مشخصه‌های مختلف فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک برای محاسبۀ شاخص کیفیت خاک، مشخصه‌هایی چون ظرفیت زراعی، چگالی ظاهری، میانگین هندسی قطر خاکدانه، کلسیم، منیزیم و فسفر قابل جذب، نیتروژن کل، آمونیوم، زی‌توده میکروبی نیتروژن و آنزیم‌های اوره‌آز، اسید فسفاتاز و اینورتاز، با استفاده از روش تجزیۀ مؤلفه‌های اصلی به‌عنوان مجموعه حداقل داده‌ها انتخاب شد. در این تحقیق برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک از دو شاخص تجمعی و وزنی استفاده شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که جنگلکاری ون بیشترین (76/0 و 25/0) و جنگلکاری کاج سیاه (58/0 و 16/0) و زمین کشاورزی (54/0 و 15/0) کمترین میزان هر دو نوع شاخص تجمعی و وزنی کیفیت خاک (به‌ترتیب) را دارند. کیفیت خاک در شاخص وزنی در جنگلکاری ون به‌طور ویژه‌ای متفاوت با جنگلکاری کاج سیاه و زمین کشاورزی بود. احیای جنگل‌های غیرتولیدی با استفاده از گونۀ سوزنی‌برگی که سبب کاهش کیفیت خاک نظیر وضعیت خاک در زمین کشاورزی شده است توصیه نمی‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the response of ecosystems to land-use change using soil quality index-Alandan forest Sari

نویسندگان [English]

  • S.M. Hojjati 1
  • M Asadian 2
  • M Mohammadzadeh 3
  • M Nadi 4
1 Prof., Dept. of Forest Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, I. R. Iran
2 Ph.D in Forest Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, I. R. Iran
3 Prof., Dept. of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Mathematical Science, Tehran University of Tarbiat Modares, I. R. Iran
4 Assistant Prof., Dept. of water engineering, Faculty of Agricultural engineering, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

This study investigated the influence of land-use change on soil quality in the Alandan area of Sari, with five different types of land-uses, namely pure beech stand and destructed forest stand, ash plantation, pine plantation, and arable land. Soil samples were taken from a soil depth of 0-10cm, using six plots (20×20m) in each site, which were selected by random systematic sampling network (50×100 m). The different physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soil were measured in the laboratory. To calculate the soil quality index, characteristics such as field capacity, bulk density, geometric mean diameter, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus availability, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrogen microbial biomass and urease, acid phosphatase, and invertase enzyme were selected as the minimum data set by principal component analysis. In this study, additive and weighted indices were used to evaluate soil quality. The results showed that the higher amount of both additive and weighted index of soil quality were observed in ash plantation (0.76, 0.25), and their lowest amount was found in pine plantation (0.58, 0.16) and arable land (0.54, 0.15), respectively. It should be noted that the weighted index of soil quality in ash plantations was significantly higher than in different pine plantations and arable land. Also, the results of this study confirm that rehabilitation of degraded forests using coniferous species, which has led to a decrease in soil quality, such as soil condition in agricultural land, is not recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plantation
  • Forest soil
  • Additive index
  • weighted index
  • Minimum data set

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مجله جنگل ایران
دوره 15، شماره 1
تیر 1402
صفحه 17-34

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 اردیبهشت 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 خرداد 1401

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